{"id":30376,"date":"2025-10-30T10:13:02","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T06:43:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/?p=30376"},"modified":"2025-10-30T10:50:03","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T07:20:03","slug":"%d8%ad%d9%82-%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b2%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/%d8%ad%d9%82-%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b2%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Woman\u2019s Right to Work"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"314\" data-end=\"367\">\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0648\u0647\u0631<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"369\" data-end=\"616\">The right of women to work is one of the issues that, in recent years, has been more debated and contested than ever. On one hand, the law recognizes the right to work for all citizens; on the other hand, it sets conditions within marital relations that may sometimes limit this freedom.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"621\" \/>\n<h3 data-start=\"623\" data-end=\"656\">Legal Basis for Women\u2019s Right to Employment<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"658\" data-end=\"724\">In the Constitution, several articles explicitly support women\u2019s right to employment:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"725\" data-end=\"998\">\n<li data-start=\"725\" data-end=\"853\">\n<p data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"853\"><strong data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"737\">Article 28<\/strong> It states that every individual has the right to choose their desired occupation, unless it conflicts with Islamic principles or public interests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"854\" data-end=\"919\">\n<p data-start=\"856\" data-end=\"919\"><strong data-start=\"856\" data-end=\"866\">Article 20<\/strong> Emphasizes legal equality between women and men in protections.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"998\">\n<p data-start=\"922\" data-end=\"998\"><strong data-start=\"922\" data-end=\"932\">Article 20<\/strong> It also obliges the government to provide conditions for the material and spiritual development of women.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1136\">Therefore, from the perspective of the Constitution, employment is a fundamental right for every woman; however, in marital life, according to the Civil Code, there may be certain restrictions.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"1138\" data-end=\"1141\" \/>\n<h3 data-start=\"1143\" data-end=\"1188\">Article 1117 of the Civil Code and the Husband\u2019s Authority Limits<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1190\" data-end=\"1482\">\u0637\u0628\u0642 <strong data-start=\"1194\" data-end=\"1218\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06f1\u06f1\u06f1\u06f7 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u06cc<\/strong>The husband can prevent his wife from engaging in an occupation that is \u201ccontrary to family interests or the dignity of the wife or husband.\u201d<br data-start=\"1321\" data-end=\"1324\" \/>However, this right\u2026 <strong data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1359\">It is by no means absolute<\/strong>The husband must\u2026 <strong data-start=\"1374\" data-end=\"1404\">\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/strong> \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1484\" data-end=\"1572\">Until the court issues such a ruling, the husband does not have the right to unilaterally prevent his wife from working.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1577\" \/>\n<h3 data-start=\"1579\" data-end=\"1611\">\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1613\" data-end=\"1759\">Phrases such as \u201cfamily interests\u201d and \u201cdignity\u201d are customary concepts, and the judge interprets them based on the social, cultural, and family circumstances of the parties involved.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1761\" data-end=\"1917\">Judicial practice has also shown that many occupations, even if previously considered sensitive, are no longer regarded as conflicting with family interests or dignity today.<br data-start=\"1902\" data-end=\"1905\" \/>For Example<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1918\" data-end=\"2071\">\n<li data-start=\"1918\" data-end=\"1976\">\n<p data-start=\"1920\" data-end=\"1976\">\u0634\u063a\u0644 <strong data-start=\"1924\" data-end=\"1935\">Nursing<\/strong> \u06cc\u0627 <strong data-start=\"1939\" data-end=\"1948\">\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2071\">\n<p data-start=\"1979\" data-end=\"2071\">Employment in <strong data-start=\"1989\" data-end=\"2010\">\u0639\u0631\u0635\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/strong> \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2073\" data-end=\"2210\">\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u00ab\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0632\u0647\u00bb \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2215\" \/>\n<h3 data-start=\"2217\" data-end=\"2244\">\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2246\" data-end=\"2599\">\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c <strong data-start=\"2295\" data-end=\"2309\">\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br data-start=\"2325\" data-end=\"2328\" \/>\u0637\u0628\u0642 <strong data-start=\"2332\" data-end=\"2356\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06f1\u06f1\u06f1\u06f9 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u06cc<\/strong>\u060c \u0632\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u061b \u0645\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u06cc\u062b\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2601\" data-end=\"2604\" \/>\n<h3 data-start=\"2606\" data-end=\"2620\">\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2839\">\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637.<br data-start=\"2674\" data-end=\"2677\" \/>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0621\u200c\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2841\" data-end=\"3042\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 <strong data-start=\"2854\" data-end=\"2914\">\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0646<\/strong> \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c<br data-start=\"2938\" data-end=\"2941\" \/><strong data-start=\"2941\" data-end=\"2970\">\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0637\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Women\u2019s Right to Employment in Iranian Law and the Limits of the Husband\u2019s Authority<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":30392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30376"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30379,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30376\/revisions\/30379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mahditahouri.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}